Цилиндрический редуктор

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Редуктор – это устройство, необходимое для преобразования крутящего момента с двигателя на другие механизмы.

Практически во всех машинах он нужен для изменения направления усилия, а так же вращательного момента и давления.

Для этого применяют разные типы редукторов. К ним относятся:

  • Цилиндрический
  • Конический
  • Червячный
  • Гипоидный

Цилиндрический редуктор – самый распространённый тип редукторов, который достаточно надежен и долговечен. Его часто используют в устройствах с повышенными нагрузками. А также он нужен для сохранения высокого КПД передачи энергии. Этот редуктор включает в себя одну или несколько последовательно соединенных механических передач, состоящих из шестерней и зубчатых колес, расположенных на валах.

Области применения:

  • Системы автоматизации и управления;
  • Подъемное и тяговое оборудование;
  • Приводы строительных машин и механизмов;
  • Конвейерный транспорт и насосные установки;
  • Измельчительное оборудование;
  • Прессовое оборудование.

Конические редуктора сделаны на основе цилиндрических передач. Они отличаются сферой применения. Их использование необходимо в тех случаях, когда передача вращения выполняется через перекрестные валы.

Червячный редуктор нужен для передачи усилия от движущего механизма между пересекающимися в одной плоскости валами. Чаще всего он состоит из зубчатого колеса и червяка. Одним из его главных преимуществ является достаточно высокий уровень передаточного отношения, небольшие размеры механизма и самоторможение. К недостаткам относятся скорый износ зубчатого колеса, низкие рабочие мощности и низкий КПД.

Гипоидный редуктор по конструкции напоминает червячный. У колеса имеются нарезанные спиральные зубья. Огромным плюсом этой передачи является число зубьев, одновременно входящих в зацепление. Это достигается благодаря смещению червяка (гипоидной ведущей шестерни) относительно оси колеса (гипоидной ведомой шестерни). При этом КПД такой передачи существенно выше, благодаря специально установленному масленому клину.

Сфера применения таких редукторов настолько широка, что их можно встретить везде, начиная от башенного крана до кофемолки.

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